Batter's Box Interactive Magazine Batter's Box Interactive Magazine Batter's Box Interactive Magazine
Let me give you a preview of something I'm working on, and call for suggestions!


This is a line from an Excel spreadsheet.

3a 40  40 13  3 Halladay TOR R  Huff BAL L  2-2  3  1  13 0-2  Curve  77  s  K 
I went through the GameDay Logs for all seven of last Sunday's games in the AL and made an entry like the above for every pitch. The first five numbers are internal house-keeping stuff, so I can keep everything in place. If you're curious, the first number is the game (Game 3, away team batting), the second is the number of pitches thrown by the team in the game (40), then the number thrown by the pitcher in the game (40), in the inning (13), and in the at bat (3). The Halladay and Huff columns don't really need explanation. After that we have the pitch situation: the score (2-2), the inning (3rd), the number of outs (1), the men on base (runners on 1st and 3rd), and the count on the hitter (0-2). Then we have the pitch that was thrown, its velocity, and what the hitter did. I'm using my STATS pitch codes here, "s" means swing-and-a-miss, and I trust you all know what K means.

There were 2097 pitches thrown in last Sunday's AL games. I'm not wild about GameDay's pitch recognition, which seems to vary from park to park. I think the main problem comes with fastballs - sometimes they get broken down into fastball variations (sinkers and cutters) - sometimes they're all just fastballs. Sometimes changeups and fastballs get confused. I was at this afternoon's game, and Felix Hernandez throws his changeup harder than Shaun Marcum throws his fastball, so you can see how that would happen from time to time.

I do find, by the way, that the GameDay velocity readings are invariably the same or within 1 mph of those shown on the Rogers Centre screen in left field (and that means they can be several mph slower than what you may see on your television, depending on who's doing the broadcast.)

As a happy bonus, Sunday's AL slate had some interesting things to offer. We'll be able to look at some strange pitch selection courtesy of Kevin Slowey and Joe Mauer, some very impressive work by Erik Bedard and Roy Halladay, and some very high velocity work by Joba Chamberlain and Craig Hansen. We have a game winning walk-off grand slam in one game, a Mariano Rivera sighting in another... and best of all, one of the rarer beasts in the game: a pitcher striking out the side on nine pitches.

Anyway - 2097 pitches, all entered into a spreadsheet. Pitch Type and Velocity information is available for 2077 of the 2097 - not perfect, but not bad. And I've got several days to play with the information.

For example: there were 537 at bats in those games, and therefore there were 537 0-0 counts. In 368 of those at bats (68.5%), the pitcher threw a first-pitch fastball. If a batter is going to swing at the first pitch, he's much more likely to go after a first pitch fastball. The batter went after the first pitch 113 times, took a first strike 109 times, and watched ball one go by 146 times.

But he was not going to go after a first pitch curveball. There were 39 of them, and only 14 missed for ball one. But the hitter took strike one 23 times, and fouled off the other two. None were put in play, none were swung at and missed.

I can quite happily do this sort of thing all day, but I thought I'd put this up first to see if there were any other ideas out there.

A Day on the Hill: Sneak Preview! | 6 comments | Create New Account
The following comments are owned by whomever posted them. This site is not responsible for what they say.
Mick Doherty - Wednesday, June 11 2008 @ 08:39 PM EDT (#187063) #
I'm not sure it's do-able (or if you'd find it worth doing) but I immediately think of pitch sequence as something worth looking at. It might vary so much from pitcher to pitcher that it wouldn't be worth generalizing from, but ... how often did a first-pitch fastball precede a breaking ball?  What is the likelihood that back-to-back fastballs would lead to a third? If not, what pitches (type of pitches, anyway) do come most often, in say, a 3-2 count or whenever the hitter is down two strikes? You could do this stuff forever!

One Day on the Hill ... great title for the book this will become!

jamesq - Thursday, June 12 2008 @ 12:33 AM EDT (#187077) #
Let me just say I have always  enjoyed and admired your detailed analysis-wow!

What up with pitchers giving up hits on 0-2 pitches?



Twilight - Thursday, June 12 2008 @ 12:45 AM EDT (#187078) #
Moneyball discussed hitting in different counts briefly, and I found it really interesting. I think it said that in general, a batter in a 2-1 count hits like an all star while a batter in a 1-2 count hits around the Mendoza line. The statistical difference was huge. It makes sense, because at 1-2 a pitcher can play around a bit more while at 2-1 they need to throw a strike. I'd love to read more analysis of this. If this ever becomes a book I will buy it as soon as I can!

From your preliminary analysis, it almost looks like a lot of players are really missing some things and this could turn into an advantage for players who are aware of it. Given those statistics, why aren't pitchers throwing more first-pitch curveballs for strikes? And how much of an advantage does this give crafty guys like Marcum who are able to "pitch backwards"--lead with offspeed pitches for strikes and then sneak in a fastball and have the batter way behind it?

Magpie - Thursday, June 12 2008 @ 01:54 AM EDT (#187079) #
pitch sequence as something worth looking at.

Agreed - not sure how to do it systematically, but just looking at the patterns things jump out at you.

What up with pitchers giving up hits on 0-2 pitches?

I am definitely interested in this.

why aren't pitchers throwing more first-pitch curveballs for strikes?

It surprised me as well how many first-pitch curveballs were strikes, but my first thought is that more guys would do it if they could. And you know who was perfect here? Joba - five first pitch curves, all taken for strike one.

I think, because of inconsistencies in GameDay scoring, that I should probably fold the fastball subsets (sinkers and cutters) into the fastballs.

Which pitch was most likely to get a swing-and-a-miss? Sliders, which just edged out curveballs. Which was least likely? (well, fastballs, of course! Duh!) And which pitch was the hardest to throw for a strike? Change-ups! Which surprised me, but more than 40% of them missed the strike zone.
Frank Markotich - Thursday, June 12 2008 @ 08:22 AM EDT (#187081) #

I'm not sure that a changeup is necessarily the "hardest pitch to throw for a strike".

Ideally, you want the hitter to think it's a fastball and swing at it and miss, while the ball drops below the zone when it reaches him. I would bet the percentage of changeups is really high with two strikes, and that few changeups are thrown for called strikes except some high ones that catch the hitter off guard.

John Northey - Thursday, June 12 2008 @ 11:31 AM EDT (#187087) #
I know if I ran a ML team I'd be setting up pitch f/x machines in all minor league parks in the system.  I figure they'd be amazing training tools and fantastic for finding holes in a batters swing, plus would help determine if a guys stuff is just too much for minor league umpires to call.  Also could use it to create advance scouting reports for other teams call-ups based on their numbers facing the Jays AAA and AA teams.

As to what to do with the data - first thought is to take the speed of the various pitches and see what happens when.  ie: how often are fastballs thrown in the 80's and how well do guys hit them?  What about the low 90's vs the high 90's?  Does fastball control really improve when a bit is taken off of it - this would require a bit more work as you'd have to take each pitchers top fastball and then see if he throws one at 95% of that does he get more called strikes, what about at 90%?  If you had the amount of movement mixed in then you could see at what speed do curveballs curve the most, or fastballs get the most movement. 

A Day on the Hill: Sneak Preview! | 6 comments | Create New Account
The following comments are owned by whomever posted them. This site is not responsible for what they say.